The story of prophets and apostles in the Qur'an

Allah tells various kinds of stories in the Qur'an, including the stories of the Prophets and Apostles  alaihimus salam. God mentioned stories as a form of learning for humans. Allah ta'ala said, "Indeed, in their stories there is teaching for people who have reason. The Qur'an is not a contrived story, but justifies (the books) beforehand and explains everything, and as a guide and mercy to the believers. "(Surah Yusuf: 111)

Number of Prophets and Apostles

God sent the Prophets and Apostles as a warning to humans. Their numbers are unlimited, only Allah knows for certain. Some of Allah mentioned and told in the Qur'an while others did not. Allah said, "And verily We have sent several apostles before you, among them We have told you about them, and among them there are (also) We did not tell you." (Surah Ghafir: 78)

As explained by the scholars, there are 25 names of Prophets and Apostles whose names are clearly mentioned in the Qur'an. Among them there are 18 mentioned in the letter Al An'am verses 83-86 below:

"And that is our proof that We gave to Abraham to face his people. We elevate who we want some degree. Verily, thy Lord is wise, knowing, (83). And We have given Isaac and Yaqub to him. We have instructed both of them; and to Noah before that (also) We gave instructions, and to some of his descendants (Noah), namely David, Solomon, Ayyub, Joseph, Moses and Aaron. Thus We give back to those who do good (84). And Zakaria, Yahya, ‘Isa and Ilyas. All of them are pious people (85). And Ismail, Alyasa ‘, Yunus and Luth. Each of us has a degree above the people (in their time) (86). "

The rest are mentioned in various other letters and verses of the Qur'an: Adam, Idris, Hud, Saleh, Syu'aib, Dzulkifli and Muhammad - all prayers and greetings - to them. The following is a brief explanation of those whom Allah mentioned in the Qur'an:

1. Prophet Adam, father of man

Adam  alaihis salam is the first man created by Allah. Allah created Adam from the ground. God then created a partner for him from his body, namely Eve. Both of them then have children and descendants who become human beings scattered throughout the world. Allah said, "O men, fear your God who created you from one alone, and from whom God created his wife; and from both of them God breeds many men and women "(QS. An Nisa ': 1).

Adam and Eve originally lived in heaven along with angels, jinn and others. Devils who originally also lived in heaven were then expelled from heaven because they were arrogant not doing God's commands to bow down to Adam. Adam and Eve were later sent to the world after violating the ban God by eating fruit is forbidden in heaven because of the temptation of Satan. Satan and the son of Adam's descendants became mortal enemies until the Day of Judgment. Allah tells this matter in many verses of the Qur'an including: QS. Al Baqarah 30-39, QS. Al A'raf 11-25, Al Hijr 26-44, Al Isra '61-65, Al Kahfi 50, Thaha 115-126, and Shad 67-88.

Allah also tells in the Qur'an about two sons of Adam (some say his name is Qabil and Habil) which one of them kills the other. Allah says in the letter Al Ma'idah verse 27: "Tell them the second story of the son of Adam according to the truth, when both of them offered sacrifices, they were received from one of the two of them and were not accepted from the other. He said: "I must kill you!" Said (the other one): "Verily Allah only accepts (sacrifice) from those who fear ..." until the end of the 31st verse. Adam also had several other children, including Syith, which he said was also a prophet.

2. Prophet Idris

Idris aih alaihis salam is a descendant of Adam who first received nubuwah after Adam and Syits. Allah praised the Prophet Idris in His Word: "And tell (O Muhammad to them, the story) of Idris (who is) in the Qur'an. Indeed he is a very justifying and a prophet. And We have raised him to high dignity ”(Surah Maryam: 56-57).

3. Prophet Noah

Noah  alaihis salam was the Apostle who was first sent after being lost in the descendants of Adam. The distance between Noah and Adam is ten different periods (ulama 'different opinions about the meaning of the period here). Noah was given a long life and preached to his people to pray for Allah, but only a very few received his preaching. Allah also saved him and the believers with him sailed on the ark while the unbelievers were drowned by God with such a great flood. Allah says in Sura Al Ankabut 14-15: "And verily We sent Noah to his people, so he dwelt among them a thousand years and fifty years. So they suffered a great flood, and they were wrongdoers. So We saved Noah and the passengers of the ark and We made the event a lesson for all mankind. "

Allah tells about Noah and his people in many verses, including: QS. Al A'raf 59-64, Yunus 71-73, Hud 25-49, Al Anbiya '76-77, Mu'minun 23-30, Asy Syu'ara' 105-122, Al Ankabut 14-15, Noah 1- 27 and others. Allah also mentioned in the story that his wife and one of his children were included as unbelievers.

4. Prophet Hud and the people ‘Ad

Hud 'alaihissallam was sent to his people named ‘Ad as Allah narrates in many verses, including: QS. Al A'raf 25-72, Hud 50-60, Al Mu'minun 31-41, Asy Syu'ara '123-140, Fushilat 15-16, Al Ahqaf 21-25, Adz Dzariyat 41-42, An Najm 50 -55, Al Qomar 18-22, Al Haqqah 6-8 and Al Fajr 6-14. Ad is a people who live in the area of ​​ahqaf (dunes), some say around the area between Yemen and Oman (desert rub 'al khali). Allah destroyed the people of ‘Ad by sending so strong winds.

Allah says in the letter Hud verse 50 "And to the people of‘ Ad (We sent) their brother, Huud. He said: "O my people, worship Allah, there is no God but Him. You are just making it up. "... until the end of the 60th verse" Remember, the people of ‘Ad are infidels to their Lord. Remember the destruction of the people of ‘Ad (ie) the Huudites."

5. Prophet Salih and the Thamud

Salih ‘alaihis salam was sent to the Thamud who lived in the area of ​​al hijr (around between Medina and Tabuk). In many verses Allah combines the story of the people of ‘Ad and Tsamud. Shalih praised his people for worshiping Allah alone and leaving statues. Some of his people believe but most of it denies it. Even his people also slaughtered camels that Allah made as miracles for the prophet Salih. Allah tells Salih and the Thamud in many verses, including: Al A'raf 73-79, Hud 61-68, Al Hijr 80-84, Al Isra '59, Asy Syu'ara' 141-159, As Sajdah 17-18 , An Naml 45-53, Al Qomar 23-32, and Asy Syam 11-15. God then destroyed the Tsamuds, the voice boomed from the sky (shaihah) (Surah Hud 67) and the earthquake from below (rajfah) (QS Al A'raf 78).

Allah says in the letter Al A'raf 73: "And (We have sent) to the Thamud their brother Salih. He said: "O my people, worship God, there is no God for you but Him. Verily there is a clear proof to you from your Lord. This female camel is a sign for you, so let her eat on the earth of God, and do not disturb her with any disturbance, (because of that) you will suffer a painful torment ... "until the end of the 79th verse.

6. Prophet Abraham Al Khalil

Abrahim alaihis salam is known as the father of the Prophets and Apostles because many of his descendants became Prophets and Apostles. Among them are his two children: Ishmael and Ishaq. Al-Qur'an tells a lot about the life of Prophet Abrahim. Among them is the story of Abraham claiming his father and his people who worshiped idols to worship Allah alone. Even he destroyed the statues and then debated his people about their vanity (see QS. Al An'am 75-83, Al Anbiya '51-70, Al Ankabut 16-27).

Prophet Abrahim moved from his hometown (Babylon) to Sham, then later settled in Baitulmaqdis (Palestine). Then his son Ishmael was born from his wife named Hajar. Abraham also brought both of them to Mecca and founded the Temple (See Surah Al Baqarah 124-141 and Ibrahim 38). The Qur'an also recounts the test to slaughter Ishmael's son (Surah Ash Shafat 99-113). Ibrahim then had a child named Ishaq from his first wife (Sarah) who had been barren for so long. From Ishaq then Yaqub was born (Surah Hud 69-73).

In the Qur'an, Allah praises Prophet Abrahim a lot, even Allah also captures some of his prayers (see QS. Ibrahim 35-41). Baitullah, the Ka'bah, which he built became the center of human worship until the end of the day. Allah said in the letter Al Hajj 26-27: "And (remember), when We gave a place to Abraham at the place of Baitullah (by saying):" Do not associate anything with Me and purify My house for those who believe, and people those who worship and those who bow and prostrate. And cried out to men to do the pilgrimage, surely they will come to you on foot, and ride thin camels that come from all directions far away. "

7. Prophet Lut

Lut alaihis salam greetings from the same age as Prophet Ibrahim. In the Qur'an, Allah also several times combines the story between the two. Lut was sent to his people who associated partners with God and also committed vile deeds namely homosexuality. Because they continued in their perversion, God also destroyed them with hail and was drowned in the earth. Allah said, "And (We also sent) Lut (to his people). (Remember) when he said to them: "Why did you do the deeds of faahisyah, which no one (in this world) had done before you? ..." until His word "And We sent down to them rain (stone); then pay attention to the end of the sinners "(Qur'an, Al-80-84).

The story of Lot and his people can be seen in QS. Al A'raf 80-84, Hud 69-83, Al Hijr 51-77, Asy Syu'ara '160-175, An Naml 54-58, Al Ankabut 28-35, Ash Shafat 133-138, Adz Dzariyat 31- 37, and Al Qamar 33-40.

8. Prophet Ishmael

Isma'il ‘alaihis salam is a child of Prophet Ibrahim from his wife named Hajar. God commanded Abraham to put Hajar and his baby Isma'il in the valley of Mecca, which was barren at the time, without trees and uninhabited. Allah also tested Ibrahim for slaughtering Ishmael, which was then from the Sacrifice worship service. Allah says in the letter Ash Shaffat 102: "So when the child arrived (at the age of being able) tried together with Abraham, Abraham said:" My child, I actually saw in a dream that I killed you. So think about what you think! "He replied:" O my father, do what you are told; God willing, you will find me including those who are patient ... "to verse 107" And We ransomed the child with a great sacrifice. "

Ishmael also helped Ibrahim build the Ka'bah. Allah said, "And (remember), when Abraham raised (fostered) the basics of Baitullah with Ismail" (Surah Al Baqarah 127). Among other verses related to the Prophet Ishmael is QS. Maryam 54-55, Shad 45-47, Al Anbiya '85-86, An Nisa 163, Al Baqarah 136 and others.

9. Prophet Ishaq

Ishaq ‘alaihis salam is the son of Prophet Ibrahim from his wife named Sarah who was initially barren for so long. Allah said, "And We gave him glad tidings with (the birth) of Ishaq a prophet who included the righteous. We bestow upon him blessings and upon Ishaq. And among his grandchildren there are those who do good and there are (also) the wrongdoers against themselves realistically (Surah Ash Shaaffat 112-113). See also QS. Hud 69-73, Al Hijr 51-56, and Adz Dzariyat 24-30.

10. Prophet Ya'qub

Ya'qub alaihis salam is the son of Ishaq bin Ibrahim –alaihimussalam-. He is the father of Prophet Yusuf. Allah tells Ya'qub with his son in Yusuf's letter. Ya'qub is also known as Isra'il which is attributed to Bani Isra'il. He is a patient person and Allah gives knowledge. Allah said, "And when they entered according to what their father commanded, then (the way they did it) did not release them at all from Allah's destiny, but it was only a wish in Ya'qub that he had set. And indeed he has knowledge, because We have taught him. But most people do not know ”(Surah Yusuf 86).

11. Prophet Yusuf / Joseph

Joseph was the son of Ya'qub ibn Ishaq ibn Ibrahim -alaihimus salam-. Unlike the story of the other Prophets, Allah tells the story of the Prophet Joseph in a full letter, namely Yusuf's letter. The story of the life of the Prophet Joseph is among the best stories that God tells. Allah said, "Alif, laam, raa. These are the real (from Allah) verses of the Book (1). Indeed, we sent it down in the form of the Qur'an in Arabic, so that you understand it (2). We tell you the best story by revealing this Qur'an to you, and indeed you before (We revealed) included those who did not know (3). (Remember), when Joseph said to his father: "O my father, I actually dreamed of seeing eleven stars, the sun and the moon; I saw everything prostrated to me (4) ... "until the end of the letter Allah tells about the life of the Prophet Joseph, his brothers, his father and others. The Prophet Joseph was also tested by being thrown into a well, sold as a slave, tempted by women, even imprisoned and until finally God glorified him and reunited with his family.

12. Prophet Ayyub

Ayyub alaihis salam greetings a prophet known for his patience. Initially he was full of spaciousness then God tested it with his property, children and family. He was also afflicted with various diseases. He was patient and had a lot of dhikr, finally God healed and returned those pleasures. Allah said, "And (remember the story) Job, when he called on his Lord:" (O my Lord), indeed I have been afflicted with sickness and You are the Lord of the Most Merciful of all mercy. So We also allowed the appeal, then We eliminated the disease that was in him and We returned his family to him, and We multiplied their numbers, as a mercy from Our side and to be a warning to all who worship God "(QS. Al Anbiya '83- 84). See also QS. Shad 41-44.

13. Prophet Dzulkifli

In the famous opinion that Dzulkifli alaihis salam including the prophet. Allah calls his name with the prophets. Allah said in the letter Al Anbiya '85: "And (remember the story) Ismail, Idris and Dzulkifli. All of them are patient people. "See also in Shad 45-48.

14. Prophet Yunus

Allah tells in the Qur'an about Prophet Yunus alaihis salam and his people among them in the letter Yunus 98, Al Anbiya '87-88, Ash Shaffat 139-148, and Al Qalam 48-50. After previously denying the preaching of Prophet Yunus and overwritten adzab, his people then repented and believed. Prophet Yunus himself had previously left them and then swallowed by a whale. God then saved him.

In the letter of Al Anbiya '87-88 Allah said: "And (remember the story) Dzun Nun (Jonah), when he went in a state of anger, then he thought that We would not narrow it (making it difficult), then he called in a very dark situation : "That there is no god but You. Blessed be you, truly I am among those who do wrong. So We have allowed the do'anya and saved it rather than grief. And thus we save those who believe. "

15. Prophet Syu'aib and the Madyans

Syu'aib ‘alaihis salam was sent to the residents of Madyan. Syu'aib praised them for worshiping Allah alone, perfecting the scales and not making damage on the face of the earth. Allah said, "And (We have sent) to the inhabitants of Mad-yan their brother, Shu'aib. He said: "O my people, worship God, there is no God for you but Him. Verily the proof of your Lord has come to you. So complete the measure and the scales, and do not subtract for the measure and scales for men, and do not cause damage on the earth after the Lord has repaired it. That is better for you if you truly believe. The story of Prophet Syu'aib and residents of Madyan can be listened to in QS. Al A'raf 85-93, Hud 83-95, and Ash Syu’ara '176-191. Because the Apostle belied the Madyans were destroyed with a thunderous sound and also an earthquake like the Thamud.

16. Prophet Musa Kalimurrahman / Moses

Musa alaihis salam included descendants of Israel (Ya'qub). In many places in the Qur'an the story of Moses ‘alaihis salam and the children of Israel. Even some scholars say the Qur'an is full of the story of Moses and the children of Israel. Among them in the letter of Al-Qasas, Allah tells us from the beginning to the end of the letter: "Thaa Siin Miim (1). These are the real (from Allah) verses of the Book (2). We read to you part of the story of Moses and Pharaoh correctly for those who believe (3) ... "and so on. Starting from the beginning of the story when Moses was swept away to the river and then raised by Pharaoh's wife (QS. Al-Qasas 7-13), the story of Moses came out of Egypt and then met Prophet Syu'aib (QS. Al-Qasas 14-28), was appointed The Prophet and returned to Egypt accused Pharaoh and his people (29-42). Including also the story of the story of Qorun (QS. AL Qasas 76-83) and others.

Allah also tells of Moses and the Children of Israel safely crossing the sea while Pharaoh and his army who chased them were drowned (See QS. Yunus 90-92, Ash Syu'ara '52-68, and Adh Dhukhan 17-33), the story of Bani Israel entered baitul maqdis (Surah Al Maidah 20-26, Al Baqarah 40-66), slaughtering a female cow (Al Baqarah 67-74), the story of Moses learning at Khidhir (QS. Al Kahfi 60-82), and others.

17. Prophet Aaron

Harun  alaihis salam is the brother of Moses. He accompanied musa in his preaching to Pharaoh and also in guiding the children of Isra'il. Allah said: "And We have bestowed upon him a portion of Our mercy, that is his brother, Aaron became a prophet." (Surah Maryam: 53)

18. Prophet Ilyas

Ilyas alaihis salam including one of the Prophet of Israel. Allah tells about him after the story of Moses and Aaron: "And verily Ilyas truly belonged to one of the apostles ..." until His word "Verily he belongs to Our servants who believe" (Surah Ash Shaffat: 123-132).

19. Prophet Ilyasa '

Allah mentioned Ilyasa 'with the other Prophets. Allah said: "And Ismail, Alyasa ', Yunus and Luth. Each of us has a degree above the people (in their time) "(QS. Al An'am: 86). See also QS. Shad 48.

20. Prophet David

David aih alaihis salam is one Prophet and king of the Children of Israel. He has many virtues. Among them, as Allah said: "And We have given to David the gift of us. (We say): "O mountains and birds, glorify again and again with David", and We have softened the iron for him, (ie) make large armor and measure the plaits; and do righteous deeds. Indeed, I see what you do "(QS. Saba 10-11). See also some other verses related to Prophet David: QS. Al Baqarah 251, Al Anbiya ’79-80, Shad 17-29.

21. Prophet Sulayman /Solomon

Solomon is the son of Prophet David 'Peace be upon him. He was also a prophet and king after David. God said: "And Solomon inherited David, and he said:" O Man, we have been given an understanding of the sound of birds and we are given everything. Indeed, (all) this is truly a real gift. (An Naml: 16). Solomon's kingdom was very broad and strong. The army consists of humans, jinn and birds. He was also given the gift of bowing the wind to move from one place to another. See the story of him in the letter An Naml 15-44, Shad 30-40, Al Anbiya '78-82, Saba': 10-14.

22. and 23. Prophet Zakariya and Yahya

Zakariya and his son, Yahya,  alaihmassalam are among the prophets of the Children of Israel. Allah tells them both together in several places in the Qur'an, including QS. Ali Imran 37-41, Maryam 1-15 and Al Anbiya '89-90. In Sura Mary 1-15 Allah tells the story of Prophet Zakariya and Yahya before the story of Maryam, Prophet Isa and other prophets: "Kaaf Haa Yaa‘ Ain Shaad. (This recitation is) an explanation of the grace of your Lord to His servants, Zakaria, ... "and so on. Prophet Zakariya is the one who teaches Maryam (mother of Prophet Isa).

24. Prophet Isa ibn Maryam

Isa alaihis salam is the last prophet before the prophet Muhammad. With God's destiny, he was born by Maryam bint Imran without a father. In the Qur'an, Allah sends down many verses that contain arguments about false beliefs about Jesus such as the belief that he is a child of God or as God. Among them in the letter Ali Imran Allah sent down about 83 verses relating to Isa ibn Maryam and arguments against the scribes. Allah also explained in more detail about the process of the birth of Jesus in the letter of Mary (see verses 16-37). Allah also tells of his loyal followers (hawariyun), the story of food dishes (Surah Al Ma'idah 112-115), and Isa is taken up to heaven (Surah Ali Imran 54-55, Nisa '155-159).

Isa ibn Maryam was a servant and prophet, not God, as the Christians said. Allah said, "Surely those who disbelieved said:" Verily Allah is the Messiah, the son of Mary ", even though Christ (himself) said:" O Children of Israel, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord ". Surely the one who associates (something with) Allah, then surely Allah forbids him to heaven, and his place is hell, there is no one for the wrongdoers, a helper. "(Surah Al Ma'idah: 72)

25. Prophet Muhammad SAW concludes the Prophets

The Prophet Muhammad was the closing of the message of the Prophets and Prophets. There are no more prophets after him. Allah said, "Muhammad is not the father of a man among you, but he is the Messenger of Allah and the closing of the prophets. And Allah is the Knower of all things "(Surat al-Ahzab: 40). The book that was revealed to him, the Qur'an, is both justification and perfect for the previous books. Allah said, "And We have sent down to you the Qur'an by bringing the truth, justifying what was before, namely the books (which were revealed before) and the touchstone of the other books. then decide their case according to what God sent down ... "(Surah Al Ma'idah: 48).